{"ikmk_id":"613","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Alexandria Troas","inventory_number":"M 1045","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/object?id=ID613","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":37,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/37","publisher_name":"Digitales M\u00fcnzkabinett der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster","publisher_isil":"https:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/orgsanisations\/DE-MUS-100214","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-100214","UID":"https:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/orgsanisations\/DE-MUS-100214\/ID613","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.uni-muenster.de\/Archaeologie\/numismatik\/index.shtml"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"37","owner_name":"M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-100214","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-100214","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/archaeological_museum_wwu","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/37","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"date_last":"2022-12-11 17:52:22","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"54","coin_status_name_de":"Stadt","coin_status_name_en":"City","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/54"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"75","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/75","country_name_de":"T\u00fcrkei","country_name_en":"Turkey","country_nomisma_id":"","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/298795","ikmk_region_id":"411","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/411","region_name":"Troas","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/troas","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"880","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/880","mint_name":"Alexandreia Troas","mint_name_de":"Alexandreia Troas","mint_name_en":"Alexandria Troas","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/alexandreia_troas","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/7503415"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"23 mm","die_axis":"6 h","weight":"5.43 g","accession":"","access_year":"1956","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"1","access_type_name":"Kauf","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4128692-3","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/zugangsart\/1"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"ANTONINVS - [P]IVS AVGV","image_description":"Drapierte Panzerb\u00fcste des jugendlichen Caracalla n. r., lorbeerbekr\u00e4nzt.","foto_date":"2012-12-12","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"9","photographer_name":"Robert Dylka","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n0\/613\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1484669329,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID613. Aufnahme durch Robert Dylka.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID613. Photographs by Robert Dylka."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"COL AVG \/\/ TROAD","image_description":"Grasendes Pferd mit gesenktem Kopf steht n. r. auf einer Standlinie; dahinter ein d\u00fcnner, dem M\u00fcnzrund angepasster Baum; im Bildhintergrund der Hirte Ordes mit Hirtenstab (pedum).","foto_date":"2012-12-12","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"9","photographer_name":"Robert Dylka","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n0\/613\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID613\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1484669339,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID613. Aufnahme durch Robert Dylka.","en":"Image files are licensed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID613. Photographs by Robert Dylka."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"6","subdivision_name_de":"Griechen, R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Greek, Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"A. Bo\u00dfmann, Die M\u00fcnzen von Alexandreia Troas im Arch\u00e4ologischen Museum der Westf\u00e4lischen Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Boreas 27, 2004, 281 Nr. 18 Taf. 36, 3 (dieses St\u00fcck, dortige Datierung auf 211-217 scheint wegen des Kaiserportr\u00e4ts etwas weit); A. R. Bellinger, The Late Bronze of Alexandria Troas, Museum Notes of the American Numismatic Society 8, 1958, Typ 44; vgl. A. R. Bellinger, Troy. Supplementary Monograph II. The Coins (1961) 120 Nr. A284 (210-213 n. Chr.); A. Filges, M\u00fcnzbild und Gemeinschaft. Die Pr\u00e4gungen der r\u00f6mischen Kolonien in Kleinasien (2015) Kat.-Nr. 694.","comment":"M\u00f6glich scheint auch eine Zuweisung zu Elagabal (so von Bieder selbst in seinem Inventar vorgenommen). Eine Referenz f\u00fcr den Typus unter Elagabal ist nicht nachgewiesen; das mag an der insgesamt schwierigen Differenzierbarkeit der beiden Kaiser (Portr\u00e4t und Legende) liegen.\r\nDas St\u00fcck befindet sich im Arch\u00e4ologischen Museum der WWU in der Sondervitrine zu Alexandria Troas.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","name_en":null,"description_de":"30 v. - 283 n. 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Chr.","year_islam":"0","manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"21","manufacturing_name_de":"gepr\u00e4gt","manufacturing_name_en":"struck","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/struck","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/herstellungtyp\/21"}],"linked_persons_corporations":{"50":{"ikmk_type_id":"50","type_name_de":"Vorbesitzer","type_name_en":"previous Owner","type_nomisma_id":"","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4447273-0","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/50","items":{"7412":{"ikmk_person_id":"7412","title_de":null,"first_name_de":"Theobald","last_name_de":"Bieder","vitalDates":"26.05.1876 - 24.04.1947","title_en":null,"first_name_en":"Theobald","last_name_en":"Bieder","corporation":"0","lod":{"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/116163186":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/116163186","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/92441228":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/92441228","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/7412":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/7412"},"year_from":"0","year_until":"0"}}},"54":{"ikmk_type_id":"54","type_name_de":"Dargestellte\/r","type_name_en":"Sitter","type_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/portrait","type_concept_id":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300189844","ndp_id":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/persontype\/54","items":{"415":{"ikmk_person_id":"415","title_de":null,"first_name_de":null,"last_name_de":"Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)","vitalDates":"04.4.188 - 08.04.217 n. Chr.","title_en":null,"first_name_en":null,"last_name_en":"Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus)","corporation":"0","lod":{"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118667041":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/118667041","https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/27865277":"https:\/\/viaf.org\/viaf\/27865277","http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/caracalla":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/caracalla","https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caracalla":"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caracalla","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caracalla":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caracalla","https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/415":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/person\/415"}}}}},"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"71","keyword":"Bronze \/ Kupfer","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4146667-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ae"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"25","keyword":"Kleinasien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4085685-9","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300387727"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"41","keyword":"Mythen","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4075159-4","keyword_concept_uri":""},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"43","keyword":"Portr\u00e4ts","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4006627-7","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300015637"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"7","keyword":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit, 1. Jh. v. Chr.-3. Jh.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/7512142-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020541"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"38","keyword":"St\u00e4dte","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4056723-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"51","keyword":"Tiere","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4185464-0","keyword_concept_uri":""}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"5","timeline_item":"Griechische M\u00fcnzen in der R\u00f6mischen Kaiserzeit","description":"Als der Adoptivsohn Caesars, genannt Octavianus, im Jahre 27 v. Chr. zum Augustus erhoben wurde, merkten die griechischen Bewohner des R\u00f6mischen Reiches, dass die B\u00fcrgerkriege der sp\u00e4ten Republik vorbei waren. Das neue System des Prinzipates versprach Frieden und eindeutige Ansprechpartner in Rom, die die st\u00e4dtischen Honoratioren in das Herrschaftssystem einbanden. Die St\u00e4dte begannen wieder zu prosperieren. Die nun hergestellten st\u00e4dtischen M\u00fcnzen bestanden \u00fcberwiegend aus Bronze. Sie sind Zeugnisse des Selbstverst\u00e4ndnisses der St\u00e4dte und deren Verh\u00e4ltnis zum r\u00f6mischen Kaiserhaus. Die Vorderseiten trugen nun anstatt von G\u00f6tterbildern \u00fcberwiegend die Portr\u00e4ts von Angeh\u00f6rigen des Kaiserhauses. Auch die R\u00fcckseiten konnten in Bezug auf Rom gestaltet sein. Einen gr\u00f6\u00dferen Umfang nahmen hier jedoch Bilder in unmittelbarem Bezug auf die Stadt selbst ein. Am h\u00e4ufigsten waren Darstellungen der st\u00e4dtischen Gottheiten, ihrer Begleiter und Attribute. Die M\u00fcnzen sangen ein St\u00e4dtelob mit Strophen auf das ehrw\u00fcrdige Alter und die Zugeh\u00f6rigkeit zur griechischen Koin\u00e9. Sie zeigen die lokalen Heroen und Mythen. Der Schmuck der Stadt mit Architektur und ber\u00fchmten Skulpturen ist auf den M\u00fcnzen zu sehen. Homer, Herodot und andere Vorfahren (\u201aviri illustres\u2019) trugen zum Ruhm der Stadt bei. Mit Stolz pr\u00e4sentiert man die Festspiele und die Ehrentitel der Stadt, um die man mit anderen St\u00e4dten konkurrierte. Ab Mitte des 3. Jahrhunderts verschlechterte sich die wirtschaftliche Lage, so dass es zunehmend unattraktiv wurde, eigenes Geld zu produzieren. In der Regierungszeit des Tacitus (275\/276 n. Chr.) gaben auch die letzten Pr\u00e4georte die Herstellung st\u00e4dtischen Geldes auf. In Alexandria dagegen endet die regul\u00e4re M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung 295\/296 bzw. mit dem Usurpator Domitius Domitianus 297\/298 n. Chr.","year_from":"-27","year_until":"298","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de\" target=\"_blank\">PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\">Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}