{"ikmk_id":"297","eLearning_completed":"0","primary_source_id":"0","title":"Divus Victorinus","inventory_number":"M 5612","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/object?id=ID297","permalink_source":null,"publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":37,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/37","publisher_name":"Digitales M\u00fcnzkabinett der Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster","publisher_isil":"https:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/orgsanisations\/DE-MUS-100214","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-100214","UID":"https:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/orgsanisations\/DE-MUS-100214\/ID297","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.uni-muenster.de\/Archaeologie\/numismatik\/index.shtml","author":"Hockmann, Silke"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"37","owner_name":"M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-100214","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-100214","owner_www_address":"http:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/","nomisma_address":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/archaeological_museum_wwu","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/37","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"774","nominal_de":"Doppeldenar (ANT)","nominal_en":"Double Denarius","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/antoninianus","nominal_gnd_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4417146-8","info_de":"Das von Kaiser Caracalla (Alleinherrschaft 211\u2013217 n. Chr.) im Jahre 215 eingef\u00fchrte neue Silbernominal im Wert von zwei Denaren. Entspricht im Gewicht zu Anfang anderthalb alten Denaren (ungef\u00e4hr 5 g), unterliegt aber im Verlauf des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. einem zunehmenden Verlust an Gewicht und Feinheit. \u00c4u\u00dferes Kennzeichen sind der Kaiserkopf mit der Strahlenkrone bzw. die Kaiserinnenb\u00fcste auf der Mondsichel auf der Vorderseite. Kaiser Aurelianus versucht 274 n. Chr. eine Reform des zwischenzeitlich zur Kupferm\u00fcnze abgesunkenen Doppeldenares (auch Aurelianus genannt). Die dort in Erscheinung tretenden Wertkennzeichen XX I bzw. K A (20 zu 1) sind in ihrer Bedeutung noch umstritten (gleich 20 Sesterzen bzw. 5 Denare oder doch eher Hinweis auf Feingehalt (20 unedle Teile auf eines aus Silber)). Mit der M\u00fcnzreform des Diocletianus endete die Geschichte des Doppeldenares. Die Bezeichnung \u201eAntoninianus\u201c (abgeleitet vom offiziellen Namen des Caracalla) ist eine moderne Sch\u00f6pfung in Ermangelung einer \u00fcberlieferten antiken Bezeichnung.\r\n\r\nLit.: F. von Schr\u00f6tter, W\u00f6rterbuch der M\u00fcnzkunde (1930) 31. 36.","info_en":"","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/nominal\/774"},"date_last":"2024-01-26 11:40:01","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"29","coin_status_name_de":"Antike Herrscherpr\u00e4gung","coin_status_name_en":"Ancient Ruler's issue","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ruler","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/29"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"19","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/19","country_name_de":"Deutschland","country_name_en":"Germany","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/bundesrepublik_deutschland","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/2921044","ikmk_region_id":"438","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/438","region_name":"Belgica","region_nomisma_id":"","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"270","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/270","mint_name":"Trier","mint_name_de":"Trier","mint_name_en":null,"mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/treveri","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3247911"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"19 mm","die_axis":"6 h","weight":"2.49 g","accession":"","access_year":"2016","access_type":{"ikmk_access_type_id":"3","access_type_name":"Schenkung","access_type_nomisma_id":"","access_type_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4052258-1","ndp_uir":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/zugangsart\/3"},"provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":"12.07.2016","avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"D[IVO VICT]ORINO PIO","image_description":"B\u00fcste des Victorinus n. r. mit Strahlenkrone und Zipfel des Paludamentums auf l. Schulter.","foto_date":"2016-07-25","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"9","photographer_name":"Robert Dylka","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n0\/297\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1476369237,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID297. Aufnahme durch Robert Dylka.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID297. Photographs by Robert Dylka."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"PROVIDEN[TIA AVG]","image_description":"Providentia steht gewandet n. l., h\u00e4lt in der rechten Hand einen Stab, im linken Arm ein F\u00fcllhorn.","foto_date":"2016-07-25","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"9","photographer_name":"Robert Dylka","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt_rel":"images\/n0\/297\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/archaeologie.uni-muenster.de\/ikmk\/image\/ID297\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1476369247,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID297. Aufnahme durch Robert Dylka.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. M\u00fcnster, Arch\u00e4ologisches Museum der Universit\u00e4t, ID297. Photographs by Robert Dylka."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"3","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Imperial period"},"literatur":"RIC V 4 Gallic Empire 635, 5 (dieses St\u00fcck); RIC V 2 Victorinus 88; P. N. Schulten, Typologie der R\u00f6mischen Konsekrationspr\u00e4gungen (1979) 127 Nr. 345; D. R. Sear, Roman Coins and their Values, The 3rd Century Crisis and Recovery AD 235\u2013285, Bd. 3 (2005) 394 Nr. 11278; R. Bland \u2013 A. Burnett (Hrsg.), The Normanby hoard and other Roman coin hoards (1988) 195 Taf. 26 Nr. 1451\/1; H.-J. Schulzki, Die Antoninianpr\u00e4gung der gallischen Kaiser von Postumus bis Tetricus (AGK) (1996) 87 Nr. 2a var.; M. R. Weder, M\u00fcnzen und M\u00fcnzst\u00e4tten der Gallisch-R\u00f6mischen Kaiser, Teil 1, Rez. zu H.-J. Schulzki, Die Antoninianpr\u00e4gung der gallischen Kaiser von Postumus bis Tetricus (AGK), SchwNumRu 76, 1997, 127 Nr. 2aX (mit Paludamentumzipfel); Mairat Nr. 883 (\"Cologne\", Tetricus, Emission 1, Mitte 271 n. Chr.).","comment":"Die M\u00fcnze wurde f\u00fcr den verg\u00f6ttlichten Kaiser Victorinus unter Tetricus I. (270-274) im Fr\u00fchjahr 271 n. Chr. gepr\u00e4gt. Victorinus ist der einzige Kaiser des Gallischen Sonderreichs, von dem sicher zu sagen ist, dass er konsekriert wurde. Dies geschah unter seinem Nachfolger Tetricus I., der zu diesem Anlass Konsekrationsantoniniane ausgab.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"4","name_de":"R\u00f6mische Kaiserzeit","name_en":null,"description_de":"30 v. - 283 n. 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